Immunizations, also known as vaccinations, are preventive medical interventions designed to protect individuals from infectious diseases caused by bacteria or viruses. 

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• When a person is vaccinated against a certain disease, their immune system recognizes the inactivated or attenuated virus as a foreign invader. The body responds by producing antibodies to fight it off.

• These antibodies remain in the person’s immune system, providing long-lasting protection. If the vaccinated individual later encounters the actual disease-causing agent, their immune system can quickly recognize and destroy it, preventing or reducing the severity of the illness.

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Immunizations have been successful in reducing the incidence of many life-threatening diseases and have saved thousands of lives worldwide. Routine vaccinations are essential for maintaining good health and creating herd immunity, which protects those who cannot be vaccinated, such as people with certain medical conditions or compromised immune systems.